The second edition of Kostas Zafeiropoulos' successful book is enriched with two new chapters on hypothesis testing, as well as the correlation coefficient and regression models. The topics of the book cover the material of a semester-long course in Statistics and Probability. The theory is presented concisely, accompanied and developed with the help of detailed and annotated examples. The development of each chapter simulates classroom teaching, without lacking in methodicalness regarding definitions, the foundation of concepts and procedures, and maintains the style, simplicity, and liveliness of oral speech.