Eighteen scientists attempt to present the complex and diverse phenomenon of identity in the broader Macedonian region from classical antiquity to the present day. The human groups examined include the ancient Macedonians, the "Romans," "Greeks," and Slavs of the Middle Ages, the Greek-speaking, Slavic-speaking, and Vlach-speaking Christians of modern times, and the Greeks and Slavic Macedonians of the contemporary era. With the assistance of the tools provided by the humanities, especially history, archaeology, epigraphy, social anthropology, philology, linguistics, and political science, issues such as cultural identities, myths, symbols, and stereotypes, the process and mechanisms of ethno-genesis (with an emphasis on historiography and the political use of the past), the role of nation-states and pressure groups, the impact of the revolution on communication technology are explored. Additional issues, such as the naming of states and the use of geographical terms in international trade, are approached from the perspective of legal science. The geographical identity of Macedonia itself becomes the subject of cartographic study. The polymorphism of the work is enhanced by the effort to present approaches to the central theme of identities from the historiographical, mainly, production in four neighboring countries, Bulgaria, Greece, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, and Serbia.

The texts included are:
- Evangelos Livieratos, "The cartographic mapping of the toponym "Macedonia"
- Miltiadis V. Chatzopoulos, "The perception of self and other: The case of Macedonia"
- Giannis Xydopoulos, "Macedonians and southern Greeks: Identity and otherness, from classical times to Roman conquest"
- Elias Koulakiotis, "Approaching cultural identities in the Roman world: Alexander the Great and the other Macedonian kings in literary sources"
- Angeliki Delikari, "The image of Macedonia and the concept of "Macedonian-ness" in the Slavic peoples of the Balkans during the Byzantine period"
- Vasilis K. Gounaris, "The Macedonia of the Greeks: From the Enlightenment to World War I"
- Konstantinos Katsanos, "The Macedonia of the Serbs, 1870-1941: From Old to Southern Serbia"
- Vemund Aarbakke, "Who can heal a broken heart? The position of Macedonia in modern Bulgarian history"
- Iakovos D. Michailidis, "Which "Macedonia for the Macedonians"? Politics and history in Yugoslav Macedonia
- Spyridon Sfetas, "Directions of modern Slavomacedonian historiography"
- Iakovos D. Michailidis, "Identities, diplomacy, political and military correlations: The case of the Slavophones in Greece (1919-1949)"
- Evangelos Kofos, "Greek state and Macedonian identities (1950-2005): Introductory remarks
A. Macedonian identities and state policy after the Civil War, 1949-1974
B. Macedonian identities and state policy during the post-dictatorship period, 1975-89
C.

"The 'Name Dispute' and Macedonian Identities"
- Ioannis Manos, "Contemporary Versions of Macedonian Identity in the Florina Region"
- Stavroula Mavrogeni, "Macedonian Sarissa and Double-Headed Eagle: The New School Textbooks of the Republic of North Macedonia"
- Vlasis Vlasis, "History in Ordered Service: Internet and the Macedonian Issue, 1990-2007"
- Anastasios Tamis, "Greek Macedonian Identities and Diaspora Organizations in Australia and Greek Politics in the Macedonian Issue"
- Nikos Zaikos, "The Naming of States in International Law: The Case of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia"
- Phaidon I. Koziris, "Macedonia and Related Terms in International Trade"